Table 1: Baseline and biochemical characteristics of subjects participating in the study.
|
Category |
Controls N = 54 |
Patients N = 100 |
P-value |
Chi-square value |
|
|
Age (Years) |
46.5 ∓ 6.8 |
55 ∓ 11.05 |
< 0.0001* |
N/A |
|
|
HbA1c mg/Dl |
5.4 ± 0.2 |
8.1 ∓ 1.7 |
< 0.0001 |
N/A |
|
|
Serum Glucose mg/dL |
98.5 ∓ 17.1 |
159 ∓ 65 |
< 0.0001* |
N/A |
|
|
BMI (kg/m2) |
28.9 ∓ 4.6 |
32.9 ∓ 5.8 |
< 0.0001* |
N/A |
|
|
Duration of DM (Years) |
- |
9.3 ± 7.4 |
- |
N/A |
|
|
Duration of TD (Years) |
- |
4.1 ± 4.7 |
- |
N/A |
|
|
TSH μlU/mL |
2.5 ± 2.3 |
5.4 ± 6.8 |
< 0.0001 |
N/A |
|
|
FT3 μlU/mL |
6.3 ± 0.6 |
5.6 ± 0.7 |
< 0.0001 |
N/A |
|
|
FT4 μlU/Ml |
15.5 ± 2.1 |
15.7 ± 2.7 |
0.378 |
N/A |
|
|
FT3/FT4 ratio |
0.41 ± 0.56 |
0.366 ± 0.08 |
0.001 |
N/A |
|
|
Gender |
|
|
0.021* |
7.684 |
|
|
Female |
38 (70.4%) |
91 (91%) |
|
|
|
|
Male |
16 (29.6%) |
9 (9%) |
|
|
|
|
Occupation |
|
|
< 0.0001 |
21.493 |
|
|
Worker |
27 (50%) |
9 (9%) |
|
|
|
|
Non-worker |
27 (50%) |
91 (91%) |
|
|
|
|
Marital status |
|
|
0.315 |
1.009 |
|
|
Single |
1 (1.9%) |
0 (0%) |
|
|
|
|
Married |
53 (98.1%) |
100 (100%) |
|
|
|
|
Sleep quality: |
|
|
< 0.0001 |
22.85 |
|
|
Bad |
10 (19.2%) |
65 (65%) |
|
|
|
|
Good |
24 (44.2%) |
22 (22%) |
|
|
|
|
Perfect |
20 (36.6%) |
13 (13%) |
|
|
|
|
Sleep disorders |
|
|
< 0.0001 |
27.9 |
|
|
Yes |
10 (43%) |
58 (58%) |
|
|
|
|
No |
44 (57%) |
42 (42%) |
|
|
|
|
Post-covid: |
|
|
0.982 |
0.0005 |
|
|
Yes |
30 (55.6%) |
59 (59%) |
|
|
|
|
No |
24 (44.4%) |
41 (41%) |
|
|
|
|
Pre-vaccinated: |
|
|
0.865 |
0.029 |
|
|
Yes |
31 (57.4%) |
53 (53%) |
|
|
|
|
No |
23 (42.6%) |
47 (47%) |
|
|
|
Independent samples T-test and Chi-square test comparing cases and controls. *Significant at p < 0.05.